One of the checks on inflation in a free market banking system is competition among banks. Inflating their money supply—issuing more notes than money in their vaults—places banks in a dangerous situation; one which, in fact, threatens their existence. If a bank cannot redeem its deposits in cash, it is insolvent and must close its doors.
When banks competed with one another, if there were a bank run the unsound banks were the first to fail—they didn't have enough money in their vaults to pay their depositors.
Of course, America has never really had a completely free banking system. Banks have ...
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